Wabuska Geothermal Property
Evaporative Water Recovery Technology (EWRT) VS.
70,000-gallon-a-day reverse osmosis facility
Comparison and Analysis (Click Here)
Description:
EWRT is a system/process for the recovery of pure water or other pure liquid through evaporation from hot waste water or other hot liquids (see description of other applications). EWRT uses a humidification/dehumidification process operating at atmospheric pressure throughout the system.
The EWRT components consist of a top intake liquid reservoir and distribution device, an evaporation chamber containing a series of an evaporating apparatus, condensing chambers, and a bottom waste collection reservoir and a pure liquid reservoir.
All EWRT components are made from 3/16 SS. The dimensions of the EWRT are 14' high, 6' wide, and can be 1'-20' in depth. The metal consists of 10 gauge, 12 gauge, 14 gauge, 1/2" pipe to 8" pipe. All ends of the pipes have standard flange connections.
The EWRT system requires up to three pumps. The first flow of liquid is a feed pump to provide sufficient hot feed liquid to the top intake liquid reservoir. This flow of hot liquid can be also supplied by an existing flow from any waste heat source. The flow rate at which the EWRT can accommodate is between 27 gallons per minute for the 1'-deep EWRT model. The 20'-deep model requires 500-550 gallons per minute of hot feed liquid. The second flow of liquid recirculates pure water through the condensing apparatus and heat exchanger, thus requiring a pump. The pure water flow rate required for the 1'-deep EWRT model is 28 gallons per minute. The flow rate of the recirculation of pure water for the 20'-deep model requires 550 gallons per minute. The third flow of liquid discharges waste liquid from the bottom waste liquid collection reservoir. In most instances a pump will not be needed if gravity can suffice. The flow of this water is between 2% and 6% less than the first flow of the hot feed liquid.
The EWRT process has an evaporation apparatus which expose the hot liquid as it flows down the evaporation apparatus causing partial evaporation of the hot liquid into the air. The air/vapor mixture moves to a cooling chamber which partially condenses the vapor and collects the purified liquid in the bottom liquid reservoir. The feed liquid flowing down the evaporation apparatus cools to a lower temperature as partial evaporation of the feed liquid occurs.
Liquid is pooled in the top feed reservoir and fed through a distribution device. The static head of hot liquid above the distribution device regulates the volume flow to the evaporation apparatus. The distribution device distributes the liquid to the evaporation apparatus.
As the hot liquid flows down the evaporation apparatus, the temperature of the liquid drops as it is exposed to cooler drier air. Each one degree Fahrenheit drop in feed liquid flow temperature will result in 0.1 percent of the liquid flow weight to evaporate. A 50 degree Fahrenheit drop in temperature will result in about five (5) percent of the liquid to be converted to pure vapor.
The condensing apparatus induces convection to provide a continuous source of cold pure liquid for the condensation process. The collected pure liquid is recycled through a cooling heat exchanger and fed back into the condensing chamber through the condensing apparatus to continue the condensing process.
Waste liquid discharged from the bottom end of the evaporation apparatus is collected in a separate bottom waste liquid reservoir and is discarded as cold waste liquid out of the system, or recycled and reheated to precipitate an even higher percentage of the pure liquid out of the waste stream, thereby processing a higher percentage of the waste and leaving a lesser quantity of waste for disposal.
Other Applications of EWRTS
EWRT can also be applied in systems other than water process applications, such as recovery of chemicals (organic or inorganic) from liquids, concentrations of chemical solutions, absorption or desorption processes, cooling towers and chemical exchange. These applications can be performed under various controlled conditions of pressure, temperature, flow, thermal and other related conditions. Energy can be applied internal or external of the system as required by the process use.
For example, concentrations of chemicals can be performed by recycling the liquid chemical solution within the system to obtain a desired concentration level achieved through the removal of the volatile liquid by evaporation. Separation of different liquids in solution can be performed by evaporating and removing the more volatile liquid vapor in a separate chamber and leaving the feed liquid mixture depleted of the more volatile liquid. Energy can also be simultaneously applied as needed to the feed liquid.
Adsorption can be accomplished by feeding a vapor into the unit and contacting the vapor with the liquid flowing on the evaporation apparatus surface causing the feed liquid to increase in concentrations of the absorbed vapor. Adsorption may also involve the energy of adsorption by gas-liquid systems such as ammonia (NH2)/water and HCL/water. Adsorption of gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other free gases can be accomplished because of the surface area exposure of the liquid flowing on the evaporation apparatus.
There are distinct advantages in using the EWRT for their chemical process applications. Generally, it is of benefit to expose a liquid to a large surface area for performing evaporation either by transfer of energy or transfer of mass. In many processes this is normally achieved by flowing the liquid/vapor through a medium of liquids in a confined containment system.
Key Benefits
Generate pure (distilled) water from brine
Functional in remote locations using existing proven solar technology
Replaces or augments cooling towers
Adaptable to a variety of waste heat applications
Services
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